SUMMARY
Calli cultures of higher plants cultivated for a long-time in vitro conditions are characterized by
higher resistance to gamma-irradiation. The causes of this resistance are both genetic and epigenetic
induced factors including cultivation conditions and exogenous growth regulators.
The gamma-irradiation of 137Cs with the doses D=1, 5, 10, 100 and 500 Gy applied on the partially
synchronized peanut calli cultures showed that small doses D in<1, 5> Gy had a slight stimulation
effect on the growth processes. Inhibition of the growth began for the dose D>100 Gy. Dose LD50
reached 250±50 Gy. Necrose was not detected but cells of calli cultures changed their color.
Stimulating doses D in<1, 10> Gy of gamma-irradiation decreased morphological polymorphism of cells
and nuclei. Gene expression was changed in the first minutes after irradiation. The spectrum of
proteins and polypeptides synthesized de novo changed depending on the doses used. Protein Hsp60
was registered only for doses D=100 and 500 Gy. Proteins connected with the apoptosis pathway
(p21, p27, and p53) were synthesized in two waves, the first appeared between 24-48 hours after
irradiation and the second appeared in the stationary growth phase. Changes in the content of
GTP-binding proteins as well as auxin and cytokinin binding proteins are indicated by their
participation in post-radiation repair mechanisms. The role of rad genes is discussed.
KEY WORDS
peanut; gamma-irradiation; gene expression; protein; growth processes; reparations
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