SUMMARY
Sequences available in public protein databases belonging to nucleolin or nucleolin-like proteins
have been aligned using public domain software, in order to obtain relevant data regarding the
degree of their conservation, which could be a reflection of the degree of conservation of the
functions currently attributed to this protein. Nucleolin is known to be a nucleolar multifunctional
protein, involved in different steps of pre-rRNA transcription and processing. Three domains are
constantly present in all nucleolins, namely a series of acidic/serin (Ac/Ser) sequences, a number of
RNA recognition motifs (RRM) and a region rich in glycin and arginin (GAR). The number of
motifs present in each one of the three domains is variable. Furthermore, we have characterized in
all nucleolins the presence of a bipartite consensus nuclear localization sequence (NLS). The only
cases in which this sequence with a definite structure was not totally evident were in the yeast
S. pombe (a possible monopartite structure) and in the protozoan T. thermophyla, in which it
appears to be absent. Finally, we have constructed the phylogenetic tree of the 15 species
investigated, taking exclusively the data regarding this protein. Interestingly, the tree obtained
closely resembles the organization of these taxonomic groups throughout evolution, as it is
presently known. We conclude that nucleolin is a highly conserved protein, whose gene was
already present in an ancestor eukaryotic species, at an early stage of the evolutionary process,
from which it has evolved very slowly. This is a reflection of the fundamental functions carried out
by this protein, which were already fixed in the ancestor species.
KEY WORDS
nucleolar protein; nuclear localization sequence; RNA recognition motifs; glycin-arginin-rich; phylogenetic study; evolution
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CITED
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