SUMMARY
We studied the influence of physical activity stress on the circadian rhythms of melatonin and
corticosterone in 3-month old male Wistar rats. Every two hours for 24 h around the clock, an animal
from the stressed group was first made to swim for two hours, and was then subjected to a further ten
minutes of forced swimming using a modification of the apparatus employed in the Porsolt test. The
capacity to resume swimming after the exhausting 2-hour swim was measured by the number of
swimming movements that were made by the animal in the additional 10-min swimming period. Blood
was collected immediately after the trial, and the plasma melatonin and corticosterone levels determined
by RIA. Control group blood was collected at 1-h intervals in the periods from 22:00 to 06:00 and from
16:00 to 18:00, and at 2-h intervals during the remaining periods. The control rats presented plasma
melatonin and corticosterone circadian rhythms with nocturnal (02:00) and diurnal (17:00) maxima,
respectively. The pattern of these rhythms in the stressed rats was flatter, and the animals tested during
hours of the night presented greater endurance than those tested during daytime hours. This suggests that,
in evaluating an animal's response to stress, it is important to take into account the co-ordination between
the time of day when the physical stressing test is applied and the natural sleep/activity periods of the
study species.
KEY WORDS
Melatonin; corticosterone; behaviour; physical activity; stress; rat; circadian rhythms
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