SUMMARY
First described by Alois Alzheimer in 1907, Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common dementia
type, affecting approximately 20 million people worldwide. As the population is getting older, AD is a
growing health problem. AD is characterized by the presence of neuritic plaques containing the amyloid-beta
peptide (Abeta) and an intraneuronal accumulation of tubule-associated protein called tau. Currently
available treatment used in AD is based on acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, since in the course of AD
there is a substantial loss in cholinergic neurons. Another registered drug used in more severe AD is the
NMDA antagonist-memantine. From a drug development point of view, some potential new AD
therapeutics include neuroprotective peptides that may act in a variety of different ways, e.g. they help to
break the amyloid plaque formation, modulate peptide processing enzymes (secretases) or are able to
degrade Abeta toxic peptide. In this review, we present an overview of the new classes of compounds in
use against AD.
KEY WORDS
Alzheimer's disease; neuroprotective peptide; Abeta peptide
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