SUMMARY
Transyears in biology have been documented thus far by the extended cosinor approach, including linearnonlinear
rhythmometry. We here confirm the existence of transyears by simulated annealing, a method
originally developed for a much broader use, but described and introduced herein for validating its
application to time series. The method is illustrated both on an artificial test case with known components
and on biological data. We provide a table comparing results by the two methods and trust that the
procedure will serve the budding sciences of chronobiology (the study of mechanisms underlying
biological time structure), chronomics (the mapping of time structures in and around us), and
chronobioethics, using the foregoing disciplines to add to concern for illnesses of individuals also a
budding focus on diseases of societies, like crime, and of nations and civilizations, like war.
KEY WORDS
simulated annealing; linear-nonlinear rhythmometry; transyears; cosinor
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