SUMMARY
This study was designed to evaluate the effect of Terminalia chebula fruit extract on the levels of plasma
and tissue glycoprotein components in streptozotocin-induced-diabetic rats. Oral administration of T. chebula
fruit extract at a concentration of 200 mg/kg body weight for 30 days significantly reduced the levels of blood
glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, urea, and creatinine as well as fucose, hexose, hexosamine and sialic acid
in the diabetic rats treated with the fruit extract. The observed decrease in the levels of plasma insulin
and C-peptide in the diabetic rats was elevated to near normal by T. chebula fruit extract treatment.
Histological observations made on the pancreatic tissue of control and experimental groups also revealed
the beneficial effect of T. chebula fruit extract. The efficacy of the fruit extract was comparable with
glibenclamide, a known hypoglycaemic drug.
KEY WORDS
glycoproteins; Terminalia chebula; diabetes mellitus; C-peptide; streptozotocin
REFERENCES
Ahn MJ, Kim CY, Lee JS, Kim TG, Kim SH, Lee CK, Lee BB, Shin GG, Huh H, Kim J: Inhibition of HIV-I integrase by galloyl glucose from Terminalia chebula and flavonol glycoside gallates from Euphorbia pekinensis. Plant Med 68:457-459, 2002.
Ananthan R, Baskar C, NarmathaBai V, Pari L, Latha M, Ramkumar KM: Antidiabetic effect of Gymnema montanum leaves: effect on lipid peroxidation induced oxidative stress in experimental diabetes. Pharmacol Res 48:551-556, 2003.
Asayama K, Nakane T, Uchida N, Hayashibe H, Dobashi K, Nakazawa S: Serum antioxidant status in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat. Horm Metab Res 26:313-315, 1994.
Brod J, Sirota JH: The renal clearance of endogenous creatinine in man. J Clin Invest 27:645-654, 1948.
Bucala R: Advanced glycosylation end products and diabetic vascular diseases. In: Keaney JF Jr. (ed.), Oxidative stress and vascular disease, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, pp.287-303, 1999.
Cerami A, Koenig RJ, Peterson CM, Stevens VJ: The formation of Hb A1c as a biochemical model for the sequelae of diabetes. Prog Clin Biol Res 21:33-45, 1978.
Chatterjee S, Pakrasi SC: The treatise on Indian medicinal plants, Volume 3, National Institute of Science Communication and Information Resources, 203-204, 2000.
Dighe RR, Rojas FJ: Birnbanumer Glucagon stimulates adenylate cyclase in rat liver. The impact of STZ-induced diabetes mellitus. J Clin Invest 73:1013-1024, 1984.
Dische Z, Shettles LB: A specific color reaction of methylpentoses and a spectrophotometric micromethod for their determination. J Biol Chem 175:595-603, 1948.
Gavella M, Lipovac V, Car A, Vucic M, Sokolic L, Rakos R: Serum sialic acid in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance and in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients. Acta Diabetol 40:95-100, 2003.
Gordon K, Bradbury P: Microtomy and paraffin sections, In J.D. Bancroft, A. Stevens (Eds.), Theory and practice of histological techniques, Churchill Livingston, N. Y., pp.61-80, 1990.
Grunberger G, Sima AA: The C-peptide signaling. Exp Diabesity Res 5:25-36, 2004.
Gupta BL, Nehal M, Baquer NZ: Effect of experimental diabetes on the activities of hexokinase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and catecholamines in rat erythrocytes of different ages. Ind J Exp Biol 35:792-795, 1997.
Juang LJ, Sheu SJ, Lin TC: Determination of hydrolyzable tannins in the fruit of Terminalia chebula Retz. by high-performance liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis. J Sep Sci 27:718-724, 2004.
Kaur S, Arora S, Kaur K, Kumar S: The in vitro antimutagenic activity of Triphala - an Indian herbal drug. Food Chem Toxicol 40:527-534, 2002.
Knecht KT, Bradford BU, Mason RP, Thurman RG: In vivo formation of a free radicals metabolite of ethanol. Mol Pharmacol 38:26-30, 1990.
Konukoglu D, Serin O, Akcay T, Hatemi H: Relationship between diabetic angiopathic complications and serum total and lipid associated sialic acid concentrations. Med Sci Res 27:53-55, 1999.
Li WL, Zheng HC, Bukuru J, De Kimpe N: Natural medicines used in the traditional Chinese medical system for therapy of diabetes mellitus. J Ethnopharmacol 92:1-21, 2004.
Lowry OH, Rosenbrough NJ, Farr AL, Randall RJ: Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem 193:265-275, 1951.
Mittal N, Karur J, Mahmood A: Changes in tubular membrane glycosylation in diabetic, insulin and thyroxin treated rat kidneys. Ind J Exp Biol 34:782-785, 1996.
Mondoa EI, Kitei M: The new healing science of glyconutrients. In: Sugars That heal, Ballantine Publishing, N. Y., 2001.
Moussa MA, Alsaeid M, Refai TM, Abdella N, Al-Sheikh N, Gomez JE: Association of serum sialic acid with cardiovascular metabolic risk factors in Kuwaiti children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Metabolism 53:638-643, 2004.
Natelson S, Scott ML, Beffa C: A rapid method for the estimation of urea in biologic fluids. Am J Clin Pathol 21:275-281, 1951.
Nayak SS, Pattabiraman TN: A new colorimetric method for the estimation of glycosylated hemoglobin. Clin Chem Acta 109:267-274, 1981.
Niebes P: Determination of enzymes and degradation products of glycosaminoglycan metabolism in the serum of healthy and varicose subjects. Clin Chim Acta 42:399-408, 1972.
Patti ME, Virkamaki A, Landaker EJ, Kahan CR, Yki-Jarvinen H: Activation of the hexosamine pathway by glucosamine in vivo induces insulin resistance of early postreceptor insulin signaling events in skeletal muscle. Diabetes 48:1562-1571, 1999.
Rahman MA, Zafar G, Shera AS: Changes in glycosylated proteins in long-term complications of diabetes mellitus. Biomed Pharmacother 44:229-234, 1990.
Rakieten N, Rakieten ML, Nadkarni MV: Studies on the diabetogenic action of streptozotocin. Cancer Chemother Rep 29:91-98, 1963.
Ramkumar KM, Rajaguru P, Latha M, Ananthan R: Ethanol extract of Gymnema montanum leaves reduces glycoprotein components in experimental diabetes. Nutrition Res 27:97-103, 2007.
Rannels DE, Mokee DE, Morgan HE: Biochemical action of hormones. In: Lit Wag G (ed.), Academic press, N. Y., 135-195, 1997.
Sabu MC, Kuttan R: Anti-diabetic activity of medicinal plants and its relationship with their antioxidant property. J Ethanopharmacol 81:155-160, 2002.
Saleem A, Husheem M, Harkonen P, Pihalaja K: Inhibition of cancer cell growth by crude extract and the phenolics of Terminalia chebula Retz. fruit. J Ethanopharmacol 81:327-336, 2002.
Sasaki T, Matsy S, Sonae A: Effect of acetic acid concentration on the colour reaction in the o-toluidine boric acid method for blood glucose estimation. Rinsh Kagaku 1:346-353, 1972.
Senthilkumar GP, Arulselvan P, Sathishkumar D, Subramanian SP: Anti-Diabetic activity of fruits on Terminalia chebula on Streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. J Health Sci 52:281-289, 2006.
Sharma C, Dalferes FR, Radhakrishnamurthy B, De-Paolo CJ, Berenson GS: Hepatic glycoprotein synthesis in streptozotocin diabetic rats. Biochem Int 15-19, 1987.
Sharma RK, Dash B. Carka Samhita: Volume II. Varanasi, India: Chowkamba Sanskrit Series Office, 1998.
Spiro RG, Spiro MJ: Effect of diabetes on the biosynthesis of the renal glomerular basement membrane: Studies on the glucosyltransferase. Diabetes, 20:641-648, 1971.
Tomlinson KC, Gardiner SM, Hebden RA, Bennett T: Functional consequences of Streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus, with particular reference to the cardiovascular system. Pharmacol Rev 44:103-150, 1992.
Wagner WD: A more sensitive assay discriminating galactosamine and glucosamine in mixtures. Anal Biochem 94:394-396, 1979.
Warren L: The thiobarbituric acid assay of sialic acids. J Biol Chem 234:1971-1975, 1959.
Youngren JF, Maddux BA, Sasson S, Sbraccia P, Tapscott EB, Swanson MS, Dohm GL, Goldfine ID: Skeletal musle content of membrane glycoproteins PC-1 in obesity. Relationship of muscle glucose transport. Diabetes 45:585-587, 1996.
|
CITED
Bag A, Bhattacharyya SK, Chattopadhyay RR. The development of Terminalia chebula Retz. (Combretaceae) in clinical research. Asia-Pac J Trop Biomed. 3: 244-252, 2013.
Silawat N, Gupta VB. Chebulic acid attenuates ischemia reperfusion induced biochemical alteration in diabetic rats. Pharm Biol. 51: 23-29, 2013.
Sulaiman GM, Al-Amiery AAH, Mohammed AA, Al-Temimi AA. The effect of cherry sticks extract on the levels of glycoproteins in alloxan-induced experimental diabetic mice. Ann Clin Labor Sci. 42: 34-41, 2012.
Sharma R, Arya V. A review on fruits having anti-diabetic potential. J Chem Pharm Res. 3: 204-212, 2011.
Chandravathy J, Reddy AG, Haritha C, Anilkumar B. Evaluation of herbal neonatal chick care against iron-induced toxicity in broilers. Toxicol Internat. 18: 50-53, 2011.
De D, Chatterjee K, Ali KM, Mandal S, Barik B, Ghosh D. Antidiabetic and antioxidative effects of hydro-methanolic extract of sepals of Salmalia malabarica in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. J Appl Biomed. 8: 23-33, 2010.
|
