Obsah souboru
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE Publisher PUBLIC "-//MetaPress//DTD MetaPress 2.0//EN" "http://public.metapress.com/dtd/MPRESS/MetaPressv2.dtd">
<Publisher>
<PublisherInfo>
<PublisherName>University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice and Versita, Warsaw</PublisherName>
</PublisherInfo>
<Journal>
<JournalInfo JournalType="Journals">
<JournalPrintISSN>1214-021X</JournalPrintISSN>
<JournalElectronicISSN>1214-0287</JournalElectronicISSN>
<JournalTitle>Journal of Applied Biomedicine</JournalTitle>
<JournalCode>JAB</JournalCode>
<JournalID>121649</JournalID>
<JournalURL>http://versita.metapress.com/link.asp?target=journal&id=121649</JournalURL>
</JournalInfo>
<Volume>
<VolumeInfo>
<VolumeNumber>8</VolumeNumber>
</VolumeInfo>
<Issue>
<IssueInfo IssueType="Regular">
<IssueNumberBegin>2</IssueNumberBegin>
<IssueNumberEnd>2</IssueNumberEnd>
<IssueSupplement>0</IssueSupplement>
<IssuePartStart>0</IssuePartStart>
<IssuePartEnd>0</IssuePartEnd>
<IssueSequence>000008000220100601</IssueSequence>
<IssuePublicationDate>
<CoverDate Year="2010" Month="6" Day="1"/>
<CoverDisplay>Number 2 / June 2010</CoverDisplay>
</IssuePublicationDate>
<IssueID>LR323T458627</IssueID>
<IssueURL>http://versita.metapress.com/link.asp?target=issue&id=LR323T458627</IssueURL>
</IssueInfo>
<Article ArticleType="Original">
<ArticleInfo Free="No" ESM="No">
<ArticleDOI>10.2478/v10136-009-0014-8</ArticleDOI>
<ArticlePII>18PKK1409LHJ3176</ArticlePII>
<ArticleSequenceNumber>7</ArticleSequenceNumber>
<ArticleTitle Language="En">Circadian time structure of fatty acids and vascular monitoring</ArticleTitle>
<ArticleFirstPage>93</ArticleFirstPage>
<ArticleLastPage>109</ArticleLastPage>
<ArticleHistory>
<RegistrationDate>20100524</RegistrationDate>
<ReceivedDate>20100524</ReceivedDate>
<Accepted>20100524</Accepted>
<OnlineDate>20100524</OnlineDate>
</ArticleHistory>
<FullTextFileName>18PKK1409LHJ3176.pdf</FullTextFileName>
<FullTextURL>http://versita.metapress.com/link.asp?target=contribution&id=18PKK1409LHJ3176</FullTextURL>
<Composite>2</Composite>
</ArticleInfo>
<ArticleHeader>
<AuthorGroup>
<Author AffiliationID="A1">
<GivenName>Germaine</GivenName>
<Initials/>
<FamilyName>Cornélissen</FamilyName>
<Degrees/>
<Roles/>
</Author>
<Author AffiliationID="A2">
<GivenName>Claudio</GivenName>
<Initials/>
<FamilyName>Galli</FamilyName>
<Degrees/>
<Roles/>
</Author>
<Author AffiliationID="A1">
<GivenName>Franz</GivenName>
<Initials/>
<FamilyName>Halberg</FamilyName>
<Degrees/>
<Roles/>
</Author>
<Author AffiliationID="A3">
<GivenName>Fabien</GivenName>
<Initials>De</Initials>
<FamilyName>Meester</FamilyName>
<Degrees/>
<Roles/>
</Author>
<Author AffiliationID="A2">
<GivenName>Patrizia</GivenName>
<Initials/>
<FamilyName>Risé</FamilyName>
<Degrees/>
<Roles/>
</Author>
<Author AffiliationID="A4">
<GivenName>Agnieszka</GivenName>
<Initials/>
<FamilyName>Wilczynska-Kwiatek</FamilyName>
<Degrees/>
<Roles/>
</Author>
<Author AffiliationID="A5">
<GivenName>Ram</GivenName>
<Initials>B</Initials>
<FamilyName>Singh</FamilyName>
<Degrees/>
<Roles/>
</Author>
<Author AffiliationID="A1">
<GivenName>Francis</GivenName>
<Initials/>
<FamilyName>Guillaume</FamilyName>
<Degrees/>
<Roles/>
</Author>
<Affiliation AFFID="A1">
<OrgDivision/>
<OrgName>University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA</OrgName>
<OrgAddress/>
</Affiliation>
<Affiliation AFFID="A2">
<OrgDivision/>
<OrgName>University of Milan, Milan, Italy</OrgName>
<OrgAddress/>
</Affiliation>
<Affiliation AFFID="A3">
<OrgDivision/>
<OrgName>Columbus Paradigm Institute, Waterloo, Belgium</OrgName>
<OrgAddress/>
</Affiliation>
<Affiliation AFFID="A4">
<OrgDivision/>
<OrgName>Institute of Psychology, Katowice, Poland</OrgName>
<OrgAddress/>
</Affiliation>
<Affiliation AFFID="A5">
<OrgDivision/>
<OrgName>Halberg Hospital and Research Institute, Moradabad, India</OrgName>
<OrgAddress/>
</Affiliation>
</AuthorGroup>
<Abstract Language="En">The circadian variation of 40 circulating fatty acids related variables was assessed from one man (F) and one woman (G). Each provided blood samples by finger pricking at about 4-hour intervals for 24 hours. A statistically significant rhythm was found in 65% of the variables after data expressed as a percentage of their 24-hour mean values were pooled. In particular, a putative circadian rhythm for <i>n</i>-3 and <i>n</i>-6 fatty acids deserves exploration. The predominant 12-hour component found to characterize the <i>n</i>-3 status of G may stem from the odd schedule she followed on the day of study, as attested by alterations in the time structure of her blood pressure on the day of study, as compared to similarly collected data on 33 other Sundays in 2009 available as control information. Circadian vascular characteristics are sensitive markers of loads, including the rest-activity schedule.</Abstract>
<KeywordGroup Language="En">
<Keyword>blood pressure</Keyword>
</KeywordGroup>
<KeywordGroup Language="En">
<Keyword>cholesterol</Keyword>
</KeywordGroup>
<KeywordGroup Language="En">
<Keyword>circadian</Keyword>
</KeywordGroup>
<KeywordGroup Language="En">
<Keyword>highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA)</Keyword>
</KeywordGroup>
<KeywordGroup Language="En">
<Keyword>omega-3 (<i>n</i>-3) and omega-6 (<i>n</i>-6) fatty acids</Keyword>
</KeywordGroup>
<biblist>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="1"> Ågren G, Wilander O, Jorpes E: Cyclic changes in the glycogen content of the liver and the muscles of rats and mice. Their bearing upon the sensitivity of the animals to insulin and their influence on the urinary output of nitrogen. <i>Biochem J</i> 25:777-785, 1931.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="2"> Aschoff J: Aussprache: Halbergs Untersuchungen. Cited in Halberg F. Beobachtungen über 24 Stunden-Periodik in standardisierter Versuchsanordnung vor und nach Epinephrektomie und bilateraler optischer Enukleation, 20<sup>th</sup> meeting of the German Physiological Society, Homburg/Saar, September, 1953. <i>Berichte über die gesamte Physiologie und experimentelle Pharmakologie (Berichte über die gesamte Biologie, Abteilung B)</i> 162:355, 1954.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="3"> Astorg P, Bertrais S, Laporte F, Arnault N, Estaquio C, Galan P, Favier A, Hercberg S: Plasma <i>n</i>-6 and <i>n</i>-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids as biomarkers of their dietary intakes: a cross-sectional study within a cohort of middle-aged French men and women. <i>Eur J Clin Nutr</i> 62:1155-1161, 2008.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="4"> Bernard C: De la diversité des animaux soumis à l'expérimentation. De la variabilité des conditions organiques dans lesquelles ils s'offrent à l'expérimentateur. <i>J Anat Physiol Norm Pathol Homme Anim</i> 2:497-506, 1865.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="5"> Bernard C: Leçons sur les phénomènes de la vie communs aux animaux et aux végétaux. JB Bailliere, Paris 1885.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="6"> Brillat-Savarin JA: Physiologie du goût, ou, méditations de gastronomie transcendente. Ouvrage théorique, historique et à l'ordre du jour, dedié aux gastronomes parisiens. A. Soutelet & Co., Paris 1826, vol. I, 390 pp.; vol. II, 442 pp.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="7"> Chossat C: Recherches expérimentales sur l'inanition. <i>Mémoires, Académie Royale des Sciences de l'Institut de France</i> 8:438, 1843.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="8"> Cornélissen G, Halberg F: Chronomedicine. In Armitage P, Colton T (eds.): Encyclopedia of Biostatistics, 2<sup>nd</sup> ed., John Wiley & Sons Ltd., Chichester 2005, pp. 796-812.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="9"> Cornélissen G, Sothern RB, Wendt HW, Tarquini B, Antuñano M, Siegelová J, Fišer B, Dušek J, Přikryl P, Halberg F: Statistical significance without biologic signification is not enough: illustrative example. <i>Chronobiologia</i> 21:315-320, 1994.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="10"> Cornélissen G, Halberg F, Rostagno C, Otsuka K: A chronomic approach to cardiac arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death. <i>J Auton Nerv Syst</i> 44:251-254, 2007.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="11"> Cornélissen G, Halberg F, Singh RB,. and the international BIOCOS (The Biosphere and the Cosmos) project: Unseen space weather also relates to cardiac events. <i>World Heart J</i> 1:15-21, 2008a.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="12"> Cornélissen G, Tarquini R, Perfetto F, Otsuka K, Gigolashvili M, Halberg F: About 5-month cycle in human circulating melatonin: signature of weather in extraterrestrial space? Poster presentation, Fourth UN/ESA/NASA/JAXA Workshop on the International Heliophysical Year 2007 and Basic Space Science: "First Results from the International Heliophysical Year 2007", Sozopol, Bulgaria, June 2-6, 2008b.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="13"> Dell'Acqua G, Gambassi G: Le variazioni giornaliere della sintesi de colesterolo. Estratto dal Volume degli "Atti", VII Conferenza Internazionale della Società per lo Studio dei Ritmi Biologici inclusa la Basimetria, Siena, Italy, 5-7 Settembre 1960, pp. 1-3.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="14"> De Meester F: Progress in lipid nutrition: the Columbus concept addressing chronic diseases. In Simopoulos AP, De Meester F (eds.): A Balanced Omega-6/Omega-3 Fatty Acid Ratio, Cholesterol and Coronary Heart Disease. World Review of Nutrition and Dietetics, Vol. 100. Karger, Basel 2009, pp. 110-121.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="15"> Dewailly P, Moulin S, Fievet C, Dedonder E, Sezille G, Jaillard J: Variations nycthémérales des lipoprotéines chez le sujet normal en fonction des repas. Nouv Presse Med 10:1913-1914, 1919-1921, 1981.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="16"> Dubnov G, Pella D, Singh RB: The effect of an alfa-linolenic-acid-rich diet on the circadian rhythm of cardiac events. <i>World Heart J</i> 1:49-56, 2008.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="17"> Galli C, Calder PC: Effects of fat and fatty acid intake on inflammatory and immune responses: a critical review. <i>Ann Nutr Metab</i> 55:123-139, 2009.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="18"> Galli C, Risé P, Ghezzi S, Marangoni F: Fast determination of fatty acids in whole blood collected from fingertips: Application to the assessment of fatty acids patterns (and various indexes) in population studies. In Simopoulos AP, De Meester F (eds.): A Balanced Omega-6/Omega-3 Fatty Acid Ratio, Cholesterol and Coronary Heart Disease. World Rev Nutr Diet, Vol. 100, Karger, Basel 2009, pp. 35-45.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="19"> Halberg F: Changes in eosinophil count of mice with venisections repeated at intervals of several days. <i>Proc Soc Exp Biol Med</i> 82:160-162, 1953.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="20"> Halberg F: Physiologic 24-hour periodicity; general and procedural considerations with reference to the adrenal cycle. <i>Z Vitam Hormon Fermentforsch</i> 10:225-296, 1959.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="21"> Halberg F: Chronobiology. <i>Annu Rev Physiol</i> 31:675-725, 1969.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="22"> Halberg F: Chronobiology: methodological problems. <i>Acta Med Rom</i> 18:399-440, 1980.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="23"> Halberg F, Visscher MB: Regular diurnal physiological variation in eosinophil levels in five stocks of mice. <i>Proc Soc Exp Biol NY</i> 75:846-847, 1950.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="24"> Halberg F, Engel R, Treloar AE, Gully RJ: Endogenous eosinopenia in institutionalized patients with mental deficiency. <i>AMA Arch Neurol Psychiatry</i> 69:462-469, 1953.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="25"> Halberg F, Cornélissen G, Halberg E, Halberg J, Delmore P, Shinoda M, Bakken E: Chronobiology of human blood pressure. Medtronic Continuing Medical Education Seminars, 4<sup>th</sup> ed. Medtronic Inc., Minneapolis 1988, 242 pp.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="26"> Halberg F, Haus E, Cornélissen G: From biologic rhythms to chronomes relevant for nutrition. In Marriott BM (ed.): Not Eating Enough: Overcoming Underconsumption of Military Operational Rations. National Academy Press, Washington DC 1995, pp. 361-372.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="27"> Halberg F, Cornélissen G, Katinas G, Syutkina EV, Sothern RB, Zaslavskaya R, Halberg F, Watanabe Y, Schwartzkopff O, Otsuka K, Tarquini R, Perfetto P, Siegelová J.: Transdisciplinary unifying implications of circadian findings in the 1950s. <i>J Circadian Rhythms</i> 1:2, 2003, 61 pp.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="28"> Halberg F, Cornélissen G, Schwartzkopff O: Quo vadis chronomics 2008: Measuring variability in us, among us and around us. In Halberg F, Kenner T, Fišer B, Siegelová J (eds.): Proceedings, Noninvasive Methods in Cardiology, Brno, Czech Republic, October 4-7, 2008a, pp. 16-25.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="29"> Halberg F, Cornélissen G, Sothern RB, Katinas GS, Schwartzkopff O, Otsuka K: Cycles tipping the scale between death and survival (= "life"). <i>Progr Theorl Phys</i> 173 (Suppl.):153-181, 2008b.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="30"> Halberg F, Cornélissen G, Otsuka K, Siegelová J, Fišer B, Dušek J, Homolka P, Sánchez de la Peña S, Singh RB: BIOCOS project. Extended consensus on need and means to detect vascular variability disorders (VVDs) and vascular variability syndromes (VVSs). <i>Geronto-Geriatrics: Int J Gerontology-Chronome Geriatrics</i> 11:119-146, 2008c.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="31"> Halberg F, Cornélissen G, Otsuka K, Siegelová J, Fišer B, Dušek J, Homolka P, Sánchez de la Peña S, Singh RB: BIOCOS project. Extended consensus on means and need to detect vascular variability disorders (VVDs) and vascular variability syndromes (VVSs). <i>Leibniz-Online</i> 5, 2009, 35 pp.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="32"> Haus E, Halberg F: Persisting circadian rhythm in hepatic glycogen of mice during inanition and dehydration. <i>Experientia</i> 22:113-114, 1966.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="33"> Haus E, Touitou Y: Chronobiology in laboratory medicine. In Touitou Y, Haus E (eds.): Biological Rhythms in Clinical and Laboratory Medicine. Springer-Verlag, Berlin 1992, pp. 673-708.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="34"> Higgins GM, Berkson J, Flock E: The diurnal cycle in the liver: I. Periodicity of the cycle, with analysis of chemical constituents involved. <i>Am J Physiol</i> 102:673-682, 1932.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="35"> Higgins GM, Berkson J, Flock E: The diurnal cycle in the liver of the white rat: II. Food, a factor in its determination. <i>Am J Physiol</i> 105:177-186, 1933.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="36"> Kessler Cella L, Van Cauter E, Schoeller DA: Diurnal rhythmicity of human cholesterol synthesis: normal pattern and adaptation to simulated "jet lag". <i>Am J Physiol</i> 269:E489-E498, 1995a.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="37"> Kessler Cella L, Van Cauter E, Schoeller DA: Effect of meal timing on diurnal rhythm of human cholesterol synthesis. <i>Am J Physiol</i> 269:E878-E883, 1995b.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="38"> Keys A: Coronary heart disease in seven countries. <i>Circulation</i> 41 (Suppl. 1):1-211, 1970.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="39"> Kromhout D, Menotti A, Blackburn H (eds.): Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease. Diet, Lifestyle and Risk Factors in the Seven Countries Study. Kluwer Academic Publ., Boston 2002, 267 pp.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="40"> Lagarde M: Docosahexaenoic acid: nutrient and precursor of bioactive lipids. <i>Eur J Lipid Sci Technol</i> 110: 673-678, 2008.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="41"> Lippi M, Argiolas L: La colesterina nelle 24 ore in sogetti normale. <i>Minerva Med</i> 42:307-312, 1950.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="42"> Marangoni F, Colombo C, Galli C: A method for the direct evaluation of the fatty acid status in a drop of blood from a fingertip in humans: applicability to nutritional and epidemiological studies. <i>Anal Biochem</i> 326:267-272, 2004.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="43"> Marangoni F, Colombo C, Martiello A, Negri E, Galli C: The fatty acid profiles in a drop of blood from a fingertip correlate with physiological, dietary and lifestyle parameters in volunteers. <i>Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids</i> 76:87-92, 2007.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="44"> Menotti A, Puddu PE, Lanti M, Kromhout D, Blackburn H, Nissinen A: Twenty-five-year coronary mortality trends in the Seven Countries Study using the accelerated failure time model. <i>Eur J Epidemiol</i> 18:113-122, 2003.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="45"> Menotti A, Kromhout D, Blackburn H, Jacobs D, Lanti M: Early and late coronary deaths in the US Railroad study predicted by major coronary risk factors. <i>Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil</i> 11:382-388, 2004a.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="46"> Menotti A, Kromhout D, Blackburn H, Jacobs D, Lanti M: Forty-year mortality from cardiovascular diseases and all causes of death in the US Railroad cohort of the Seven Countries Study. <i>Eur J Epidemiol</i> 19:417-424, 2004b.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="47"> Menotti A, Lanti M, Kromhout D, Blackburn H, Nissinen A, Dontas A, Kafatos A, Nedeljkovic S, Adachi H: Forty-year coronary mortality trends and changes in major risk factors in the first 10 years of follow-up in the Seven Countries Study. <i>Eur J Epidemiol</i> 22:747-754, 2007.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="48"> Menotti A, Lanti M, Kromhout D, Blackburn H, Jacobs D, Nissinen A, Dontas A, Kafatos A, Nedeljkovic S, Adachi H: Homogeneity in the relationship of serum cholesterol to coronary deaths across different cultures: 40-year follow-up of the Seven Countries Study. <i>Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil</i> 15:719-725, 2008.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="49"> Nelson W, Cadotte L, Halberg F: Circadian timing of single daily "meal" affects survival of mice. <i>Proc Soc Exp Biol Med</i> 144:766-769, 1973.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="50"> Ratnayake WMN, Galli C: Fat and fatty acid terminology, methods of analysis and fat digestion and metabolism: a background review paper. <i>Ann Nutr Metab</i> 55:8-43, 2009.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="51"> Ravnskov U: Cholesterol was healthy in the end. In Simopoulos AP, De Meester F (eds.): A Balanced Omega-6/Omega-3 Fatty Acid Ratio, Cholesterol and Coronary Heart Disease. World Review of Nutrition and Dietetics, Vol. 100, Karger, Basel 2009, pp. 90-109.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="52"> Ravnskov U, Rosch PJ, Sutter MC, Houston MC: Should we lower cholesterol as much as possible? <i>Br Med J</i> 332:1330-1332, 2006.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="53"> Refinetti R, Cornélissen G, Halberg F: Procedures for numerical analysis of circadian rhythms. <i>Biol Rhythm Res</i> 38:275-325, 2007.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="54"> Reinberg A, Ghata J, Halberg F, Gervais P, Abulker C, Dupont J, Gaudeau C: Rythmes circadiens du pouls, de la pression artérielle, des excrétions urinaires en 17-hydroxycorticostéroïdes, catécholamines et potassium chez l'homme adulte sain, actif et au repos. <i>Ann Endocrinol (Paris)</i> 31:277-287, 1970.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="55"> Risé P, Salvetti F, Galli C: Application of a direct transmethylation method to the analysis of fatty acid profile in circulating and cultured cells. <i>Anal Biochem</i> 346:182-184, 2005.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="56"> Risé P, Eligini S, Ghezzi S, Colli S, Galli C: Fatty acid composition of plasma, blood cells and whole blood: relevance for the assessment of the fatty acid status in humans. <i>Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids</i> 76:363-369, 2007.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="57"> Rivera-Coll A, Fuentes-Arderiu X, Díez-Noguera A: Circadian rhythmic variations in serum concentrations of clinically important lipids. <i>Clin Chem</i> 40:1549-1553, 1994.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="58"> Romon M, Le Fur C, Lebel P, Edmé JL, Fruchart JC: Circadian variation of postprandial lipemia. <i>Am J Clin Nutr</i> 65:934-940, 1997.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="59"> Rosch PJ: Letter in response to Guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of high cholesterol. <i>JAMA</i> 286:2401, 2001.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="60"> Rosch PJ: Cholesterol does not cause coronary heart disease in contrast to stress. <i>Scand Cardiovasc J</i> 42:244-249, 2008.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="61"> Sánchez de la Peña S (ed.): Geronto-Geriatrics. <i>Int J Gerontology-Chronome Geriatrics</i> 11:110-185, 2008.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="62"> Simopoulos AP: Preface. In Simopoulos AP, De Meester F (eds.): A Balanced Omega-6/Omega-3 Fatty Acid Ratio, Cholesterol and Coronary Heart Disease. World Review of Nutrition and Dietetics, Vol. 100, Karger, Basel 2009, pp. IX-XV.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="63"> Singh RB, Cornélissen G, Weydahl A, Schwartzkopff O, Katinas G, Otsuka K, Watanabe Y, Yano S, Mori H, Ichimaru Y, Mitsutake G, Pella D, Fanghong L, Zhao Z, Rao RS, Gvozdjakova A, Halberg F: Circadian heart rate and blood pressure variability considered for research and patient care. <i>Int J Cardiol</i> 87:9-28, 2003.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="64"> Singh RK, Wu J, Zhou S, Halberg F: Circadian rhythmic human circulating cholesterol in health, during fasting and on vegetarian vs. omnivorous diets. <i>Chronobiologia</i> 16:183, 1989.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="65"> Singh RK, Mahdi AA, Singh AK, Bansal SK, Wu J, Zhou S, Halberg F: Circadian variation of human circulating cholesterol components on vegetarian and omnivorous diets in healthy Indians. <i>Indian J Clin Biochem</i> 7:185-192, 1992.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="66"> Smolensky M, Halberg F, Sargent F II.: Chronobiology of the life sequence. In Itoh S, Ogata K, Yoshimura H (eds.): Advances in Climatic Physiology. Igaku Shoin Ltd., Tokyo 1972, pp. 281-318.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="67"> Stark KD: The percentage of <i>n</i>-3 Highly Unsaturated Fatty Acids in total HUFA as a biomarker for omega-3 fatty acid status in tissues. <i>Lipids</i> 43:45-53, 2008.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="68"> Wilczynska-Kwiatek A, Singh RB, De Meester F: Nutrition and behaviour: The role of ω-3 fatty acids. <i>Open Nutraceut J</i> 3:119-128, 2010.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
<bib-other>
<bibtext seqNum="69"> Yehuda S, Rabinovitz S, Mostofsky DI: Essential fatty acids and the brain: From infancy to aging. <i>Neurobiol Aging</i> 26S:S98-S102, 2005.</bibtext>
</bib-other>
</biblist>
</ArticleHeader>
</Article>
</Issue>
</Volume>
</Journal>
</Publisher>
gcornelissen.xml